The HS2000 Pistol, AKA: The Springfield Armory XD40 FIrearm Review

Anyone who knows me knows that I am not a particular fan of Glock or even polymer frame pistols. I don't like the balance of weight and the feeling of the plastic. However, I am surprised every once in a while. That was the case with the Springfield XD series. It first happened not long after I bought my Hi Point C9. My good friend (who owns the gun in the picture) and I went shooting with a coworker of ours. Up to this point we only had experience with a Hi Point but the guy brought his Romanian AK and Springfield XD9 to the party. Out at the cold, snowy range in New Castle, IN, my buddy and I got a taste of the XD.

Compared to the Hi Point, which jammed every other round, the XD was a sweet piece. While, I was dead set on obtaining a Beretta 92, my buddy wanted to purchase an XD. The subject of this post is the Springfield XD40 that ended up in my friends hands. Let's do it to it.

The Springfield Armory, Inc. is not the actual designer of this pistol. If you jump across the ocean and next door to Italy, you will land in the country of Croatia. This is the home of the XD, or as it is known at home, the HS2000. Originally designed by the industrial company, I.M. Metal, as the PHP or Prvi Hrvatski Pištolj, translated as First Croatian Pistol. The initial design, despite being a solid one, had many quality control issues due to the Yugoslavian War and manufacturing difficulties. This did not stop Marko Vuković and his team from updating and improving the design, leading to the introduction of the HS95 in 1995 and later the HS2000 in 1999.

The HS2000 was found to be a very reliable sidearm and was thus adopted by the Croatian military and law enforcement, a role it still fills to this day. HS stands for Hrvatski Samokres or Croatian Pistol and the 2000 is, of course, celebrating the new millennium. The pistol found a following in the U.S. thanks to the importing efforts of HSAmerica and Intrac. It didnt last long though, as the U.S. arms company, Sprinfield Armory Inc., bought the rights to the imported pistols and rebranded them the XD series. XD is short for eXtreme Duty.

Initially the pistol was only available in the 9x19 Parabellum round, thus the designation "XD9". Since then, the gun has been designed for 3 calibers and 5 different cartridges with several lengths, colors and features. In this review, I will focus on the XD40 Service Model with the 4" barrel.

The Sprinfield Armory XD40 is a striker fired, short recoil operated, semiautomatic pistol in the mid-range .40 S&W cartridge. Striker fired means that, unlike traditional firearms, it has no actual hammer. The firing system is entirely internal and has a simpler mechanism compared to exposed or even internal hammer systems. Another benefit (or drawback, depending on how you look at it) of the striker fire action is the consistent weight of the trigger pull. With a double/single action, you have a very heavy initial pull and a very light pull every shot afterwards. In a crisis situation, consistency can be beneficial when the change in trigger weight can cause accuracy problems. The XD doesn't have a bad trigger, roughly a 5.5-7.7 pound pull according to factory specifications. I have linked a video from GlockWorld.com of a Glock striker fire action in action below. I apologize as I couldn't find an XD animation but this is as close as it gets.

The XD40 takes a 12 round stainless steel box magazine plus 1 round in the chamber. The gun has good ergonomics. The slide lock is easy to reach from a shooting stanceThere is checkering on the front and back of the grip, as well as the fore-end of the trigger guard for those with large hands. The grip also has contours for your thumb and index fingers as well as a very nice curve on the upper rear portion of the grip which protects your thumb web from slide bite. The slide has serrations on the front and back to satisfy any method of slide actuation. The frame also features an accessory rail to accommodate most underslung lights and lasers. You can even purchase bayonets for this kind of rail. You know, in case you want to go all Wesley Snipes in Blade and gut some vampires like a fish. Before I go off on a nerd tangent, the pistol features the ever popular dovetail, 3 dot sights which provide for good accuracy. It is easy to upgrade these sights to night sights if desired. The finish of the gun is excellent, with HS Produkt (the Croatian company that currently designs and builds the pistols) utilizing the Melonite finish which is a very hard (almost industrial created diamond hard) and very corrosion resistant material. For this reason, the XD series is a great weapon for carrying as the perspiration doesn't affect it. The gun comes in several colors, including black melonite, OD green, FDE and bi-tones as well with a nickel plated slide.

As for the safety features, despite not having manual safeties, the XD utilizes several active safeties to prevent accidental discharge. The first safety measures are the loaded chamber and striker pin cocked safety. In both cases, you can verify both visually and by feel. The top picture, below, shows the striker cocked indicator. It is the silver nub protruding out of the hole in the back of the slide. You can compare it with the photo of the sights above where the gun is not cocked. You can also see, in the bottom photo below, the chamber loaded indicator with the tab tilted up. Don't worry, I was using a snap cap for this demonstration.

Two more of the external safeties that you might notice are the grip and trigger safeties. The grip safety is very 1911A1-esque and the trigger safety is similar to what you see on a Glock. Both of these levers must be depressed to allow the weapon to be fired. These make the gun somewhat safer to carry with a loaded chamber as numerous pressure points must be pressed along with the trigger pulled to accidentally discharge the firearm. You can see both of these levers in the below images.

The last of the safeties is internal with the striker fire action. There is a firing pin block that prevents the gun from discharging accidentally when dropped or impacted. The block is removed only when the trigger is pulled.

Now, personally, I prefer a positive, manual safety. But all of this should definitely make you feel better about utilizing this firearm as a concealable weapon, particularly the XD(S) series. In fact, I almost passed up the Bersa Thunder 380 for a XD(S) in 45 ACP but I didn't have $500 and my preference lies in double/single actions with manual safeties.

Anyhow, moving along, before another tangent, I wanted to bring up another cool, and little known, feature of the XD series. This gun was designed, with this feature, to be a good scuffle gun or jam-it-in-someone's-gut gun. If you look at the front of the guide rod in the picture below, you will see the large, flat head that protrudes. This is a "muzzle protector" and it is meant to protect the slide from being unlocked when pressed against someone or something. The design of the gun does not allow the round to be fired unless full battery is achieved. Full battery means that the breech and slide are locked together to prevent any backfire and allow the gun to function properly. When the protector is pressed against, say, the back of a man becoming violent, it helps to keep the slide in place and allow for proper function. A note about the image: the barrel is farther back from the muzzle protector than in actuality due to the slide being locked. When the slide is in place, the protector still protrudes, just not as far.

The last thing we will go over is how to break the gun down for maintenance and cleaning. Before doing so, make sure that the gun is without a magazine and UNLOADED to prevent any accidental discharges. Taking the gun down is a very simple process, similar to a Sig Sauer P220 in some aspects. With the gun in the position shown above, with the slide locked back, find the takedown lever. It will be the lever just above and forward of the trigger. Rotate it counterclockwise to the 12 o'clock position. You will see the gap in the slide bevel that allows it to go through. I will show you how it should look in the pictures below.

Next, with the takedown lever in the up position, unlock the slide and let it move forward. The slide will not come off of the frame until the trigger is pulled to "decock" the firearm. Once you've pulled the trigger, the slide should come free of the frame.

From this position, you can separate the captive recoil spring from the slide. Simply press the guide rod forward, toward the muzzle, and lift it away from the slide. The barrel should also come free from the slide at this point. The pistol is now completely field stripped and ready to be cleaned after a long day at the range. If you want to see what that looks like, check it out below. You can see the striker mechanism in the bottom most picture.

The barrel in the top left picture. You can see the large locking lug on the bottom of the chamber, as well as the feed ramp. The recoil spring is a two spring, captive system that helps reduce muzzle climb and felt recoil, particularly towards the back end of the slide movement.

I'd say that this is near the end of the road for this edition of Blued Barrel. I have to say that the XD has appealed to my interests which is difficult for most polymer frame pistols. In addition to the XD40 Service model that I reviewed today, there are numerous other models to choose from. There is also the line of XD(S) pistols, a deep concealment "Slim" pistol in 9mm and 45. ACP, that I mentioned before as well as the XD(M) series, M is short for Match, built for competition shooting. In addition to these product lines, Springfield Armory runs a very popular Custom Shop that allows operators to outfit their firearms with all sorts of extra upgrades and features.

The XD is a very popular line of firearms for a reason. It is rugged, accurate and reliable; giving the revered Glock a run for its money. If you want an alternate choice for your polymer carry or duty pistol, I strongly suggest the Springfield XD40. You will not regret it!

Until next time, Remember: Don't go for the biggest, baddest gun in the grizzliest caliber available for self defense. When the chips are down, you want control just as much as power. Just another reason the humble 9mm is one of the most popular defense rounds, NOT the .500 S&W Magnum. (Even if it is fun as hell to shoot :) ) God Bless our America!

History Lesson: The Springfield Armory

"Like a huge organ, rise the burnished Arms" - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

While Mr. Longfellow wrote that line in an anti-war poem, it does do some justice to the arms behemoth that was Springfield Armory.

I say it WAS Springfield Armory because the original armory is not in use anymore. Closing its doors as an arsenal for the last time in 1968, Springfield Armory stands as a Historical Site in western Massachusetts. The Springfield Armory that is in business today is a separate entity from the original company and located in Geneseo, Illinois. But we will discuss that later. For now, let's celebrate the history of the First National Armory of the United States of America.

Initially a training ground for militia in western Massachusetts, the bluff on which the old armory sits was considered "...perhaps one of the most proper spots on every account." by General Henry Knox. The bluff sat very strategically for Patriot colonists of the Revolutionary War. It was at the intersection of 3 rivers (The Connecticut, The Westfield and The Chicopee) and 4 major roads at the time, headed to New York City, Albany, NY, Boston, MA and Montreal in Canada. Another advantageous feature was that the site was positioned just upriver from the Enfield Falls on the Connecticut River which prevented ocean-going ships from reaching the armory. By all accounts, this facility was positioned perfectly to protect itself from the turbulence around it for the next few centuries.

After personally scouting and evaluating the site, General George Washington approved for the Armory to be built and put to use.

The Armory itself served as a storage site for muskets, cannons and other Revolutionary War implements. During the year 1777, Patriots expanded the area around the Armory, adding barracks, storehouses, a magazine and various shops to help manufacture and repair arms. By 1780 Springfield Arsenal (as it was known then) was a major center for manufacturing of arms and armament. This was the reason that Daniel Shays, a Revolutionary War veteran, sought to capture the Armory during Shay's Rebellion: The rebellion of veterans and farmers who were subjected to unnecessary hardship under the Massachusetts government following the War.

As an increase in production became necessary, the Springfield Armory expanded to include a water-powered plant that helped foster mass production. A foundry was also located nearby which helped the Armory become more self sufficient.

Springfield Armory expansion at Watershops Pond on the Mill River.

Springfield Armory's rapid expansion can be seen in the products that were manufactured on the site: brass ordnance, howitzers, iron shot and musket balls just to name a very few. Springfield Armory even produced the U.S.'s first musket in 1795. This was only the beginning! It can be said that the city of Springfield through the Armory had a hand in beginning the Industrial Revolution. There was the development of a special lathe by Thomas Blanchard which allowed unskilled laborers to make identical stocks by following the shape of a pre-designed stock. Percussion caps were beginning to be utilized in the 1840's which simplified rifles and muskets. Advances in machinery and gauges, among other implements, enhanced the mass production capabilities of the Armory. The benefit of having interchangeable parts amongst firearms was a major one for the military and militia of the time.

In 1891, The U.S. Army assigned Springfield Armory with an additional function of being a research and development laboratory. The new R&D department found use following the Spanish-American War and the experiences by American soldiers by the muzzle of Mauser Model 1893's. Utilizing the Springfield "Trapdoor" Model 1873's and Krag-Jorgensen rifles, American soldiers were mowed down by the more reliable, fast loading and accurate Mauser rifles with the 7mm rounds. This led Springfield Armory to develop a new rifle to keep up with the German designer: The Springfield M1903 bolt action rifle. This wasn't much of a new design as it was a REdesign of Mauser features on the American made rifle. Mauser actually sued the United States government for $3,000,000 in royalties.

Top is the Mauser Model of 1893. Middle/Bottom is Springfield M1903

The advent of World War I saw Springfield Armory struggling to meet the demands of the Army. The government was forced to seek additional contracts with Rock Island Arsenal and Remington, as well as Winchester, to outfit the military.

In 1919, something magical happened: 31 year old John Garand came to work with Springfield to begin a project to bring a semi-automatic rifle into service. 5 years, and many scrapped designs later, a rifle was given the go-ahead by the Army. This rifle would be named the United States Rifle, Caliber 30, M1 or "Garand" for short, and it would begin one of the most massive undertakings in American riflemaking history. Following the adoption of the rifle in 1936 and during the entire life of the production of the M1, there were over 4.5 million made by Springfield Armory. The rifle was also not this high in demand by fluke. Generals Douglas MacArthur and George S. Patton Jr. both endorsed the resilience and quality of the firearm. Patton even went so far as to consider the M1 "the greatest battle implement ever devised", taking into consideration the ability of the firearm to produce superior firepower in the heat of battle.

The United States Rifle, Caliber.30, M1 "Garand"

After the M1 Garand, Springfield Armory produced another popular model: The United States Rifle, 7.62 mm, M14, considered the last of the "battle rifle" type weapons with high power rifle cartridges. While the rifle was produced significantly less than the M1, 1,376,031 or roughly a third, it was based off of an extensive line of improvements to the proven M1 design. Ultimately, the M14 became the standard issue rifle of the US military from 1959 to 1970. The rifle was utilized primarily as a basic and advanced training implement but was issued to soldiers and Marines in the US, Europe and Korea. To this day, the M14 is issued in limited quantities to front line soldiers, typically in a sniper rifle function as the M21 or M25, and as a ceremonial weapon for color guards or even drill teams. The M14 is considered the last of the "battle rifle" type weapons with high power rifle cartridges. The M14 utilizes the 7.62x51mm round, commercially known as the .308 Winchester cartridge, which is a .30 caliber projectile on a .300 Savage brass with stronger powder that gives the smaller cartridge very similar ballistics and power to the 30-06 in the M1 Garand.

United States Rifle, 7.62 mm, M14

While the M14 type rifle was the last of the small arms designed and produced by Springfield Armory, the company continued to support the Vietnam War effort by producing machine guns and other weapons. Springfield Armory served more as a design and planning site than an actual production facility. In 1968, Springfield Armory officially shut down production and was added to the National Registry of Historical Places. The main Arsenal buildings have been renovated and turned into a museum while other buildings on the property have been utilized for Springfield Technical Community College.

The Springfield Armory name is still in use today, albeit not in relation to the original company. Elmer C Ballance purchased the rights to the name "Springfield Armory" for his company LH Manufacturing in San Antonio, TX. Ballance later sold his company to the Reese family who still own the company today in Geneseo, IL. Currently, Springfield Armory Inc. is a major firearms manufacturer and importer that has expanded on the old federal armory's M14 rifle, currently designated the M1A. It also produces its own M1911 pistols, running a shop that builds customized M1911's by customer order. One of Springfield Armory Inc.'s most popular firearms is the Croatian-made HS2000 pistol, rechristened the XD or eXtreme Duty in the States.

Top: XD Bottom L: 1911 Bottom R: M1A Socom

That about wraps up the history of The Springfield Armory. I hope you've enjoyed this report on the longest lived Federal Armory in our young nation. Many of the county's most iconic firearms have been designed in the walls of the Springfield, MA shops and Arsenal. While the current company is not an actual continuation of the original Armory, it still makes a continuation of the old and honored Springfield name. I personally look forward to seeing what the future holds for this company.

Until next time, Remember: Old firearms are awesome pieces of history. Learn all you can about them and you can learn alot about the world around you and how it came to be. Take good care of them and pass them on. "The only enemy to a gun is rust and politicans." God Bless our America!

You See The Lightning Then You Hear...: Bersa Thunder .380 Firearm Review

Being half Italian, I guess I am a sucker for Italian designs just as much as good ol' 'Merika. Bersa is no exception. Some of you who are in the know are probably saying: "Bersa is made in Argentina, dumbass". True that may be, Bersa was started up, as an offshoot of the old Ballester Molina Argentinian arms company, by three Italian fellows: Benso Bonadimani, Savino Caselli and Ercole Montini (who was also employed by Beretta at one point). Since the mid-1950's, Bersa has dipped their toe in several different firearm designs, including rifles and shotguns, but the Thunder series is by far one of their most well known and successful series' of firearms. Today's episode is centered around the Bersa Thunder .380.

A small frame pistol with plenty of attitude and features, the Thunder 380 is my first "conceal carry" firearm that I have ever owned. Up until this point, I have carried my Beretta 92FS in a shoulder rig that was everything BUT concealed unless I was wearing a heavy coat during this crazy winter. After all, it is a full size pistol meant to be worn outside the waistband so it did alright. But, the weather is looking to warm up so I did some research and decided to pick up this little guy.

Of course, this isn't my first experience with a .380 Auto caliber pistol; A good friend of mine carries a Ruger LCP on her. We went to the range and I tried it out. I quickly decided that, despite being an EXCELLENT conceal carry piece, the micro pistol wasn't for me. The grip was just too short and left my pinky to hang out and look like an Englishman sipping on a cup of explosive tea. As a result, shooting for my medium sized hands was awkward at best.

A couple years later, I decided to shop for a small pistol in .380 that had the right features, a full size grip being one of them. I ended up at the Indy 1500 Gun and Knife Show with a Bersa 380 in hand and loving the grip and how it felt in my palm. Here is a breakdown of the gun that I ended up shelling out $300 for.

Essentially, The Thunder 380 takes design ques from the Beretta Cheetah and Walther PPK at about half the price of the Walther. It is a double/single action pistol so you have that strong first trigger pull and a lighter trigger each shot following. It is blowback operated and takes a 7 round magazine with an 8th round in the chamber. I have already said how much I love the grip, and that is because of two things. The magazine has a pinky extension which gives your hand a full grip on the firearm and thus full control. There is also a bit of a beaver tail on the upper rear end of the grip which allows your hand to ride high without worrying about painful slide bite or hammer bite in the your thumb web. The grip has serrations on the front and back and checkering on the side panels to help with maintaining a firm grip. The trigger guard has serrations as well for those with larger hands. As far as the controls are concerned, the magazine release and slide release are in slightly awkward spots for my hands but not too too bad. The safety lever is perfectly placed on the slide and easily accessible which is ideal for a gun that I often conceal.

The gun has easy to pick up 3 dot, dove tailed sights, which are an improvement over most small frame and concealed carry pistols. They are low profile so they don't easily catch on clothing when drawing from a concealed position. The rear sight is adjustable for windage using a small flat head screwdriver.

The great thing about the Thunder series, for the safety conscious buyer, is the amount of safety features. There are a few of the usual suspect. The Thunder 380 features an inertial firing pin which prevents the gun from going off if dropped on its rear. It also uses the long, heavy double action trigger pull which makes the gun safer to carry with the slide safety disengaged.

The Thunder 380 has a safety selector with a Beretta-esque decocker. If you see red the gun is ready to fire. If the red dot is covered, the gun is safe. Typically, the gun would be carried with the safety on and a round in the chamber, ready to go. Also, if the hammer is cocked and ready to fire, you can rotate the safety lever down to decock the hammer safely without discharging.

A second safety feature of the gun is the key lock safety. In the top picture, you can see the key and the keyhole just above the trigger. To lock the gun up, simply insert and turn the key clockwise to lock the action and make the gun safe. In this mode, everything is locked up. You cannot pull the trigger or move the slide. I personally don't utilize this feature, but this is good if you are worried about children or family members getting ahold of the gun. If you need this as a nightstand gun, I would avoid this feature and use the third safety feature, pictured below.

The third safety feature is the magazine disconnect which prevents firing of the weapon without a magazine. In the picture, you can see a notch in the left side of the magazine well. This is essentially the key hole and on the magazine, just above the pinky extension, is a nob that presses into the key hole when the magazine is locked into the gun. Using this method allows you to leave a round in the chamber safely and it cannot be fired until a magazine is inserted. This is good if you want to have a pistol readily available and don't have a GunVault or another quick-open safe. You can leave the gun out and hide the magazine safely so that children cannot get hurt or, in the event of a break in, it wont be used against you. The only downside to that is, if you need it quick, fast and in a hurry, you need to practice how to find your gun and magazine in the dark in order to be effective in defending yourself. If you don't, you could find yourself needing your gun but are stuck searching in a drawer for the magazine.

Stripping the gun for cleaning is simple.

As you can see in the above photo, there is a lever on the right side of the pistol. In order to strip the slide, you must rotate it to the bottom of the gun. While you have the lever rotated, it is a good idea to hold the gun with your hand cupping the trigger and front of the grip with your thumb holding the lever down.

You can see my hand positioning here. With the gun firmly in hand and the lever down, pull the slide all the way back and up to release the slide from the frame.

Let the slide slowly move forward until it clears the barrel and recoil spring. Be careful with the spring as you don't want to let it get bent or straightened which could cause malfunctions while firing. The spring will slide free from the barrel.

You can reach some of the inner mechanisms by using a flathead screwdriver to remove the polymer grip panels. Here, you can see how the trigger, magazine release and magazine disconnect work.

You can also see that the barrel, unlike the those such as the Beretta 92 series or Browning Hi Powers, is fixed to the frame. This is reported to improve accuracy by reducing the movement of the barrel during firing. The barrel is also very close to the frame and allows the cartridge to easily slide into the chamber, which increases reliability of feeding.

That about does it for the Bersa Thunder 380. Many people dislike the .380 cartridge because it is seen as vastly inferior to other, larger rounds. That may be true, but if the nutritionally depleted excrement hits the rapidly moving oscillator, a .380 pistol is better than just your fists. The Thunder 380 is a fantastic little pistol that is perfect, in my opinion, to carry in self defense. It is small, with a great grip that you don't often see with smaller guns, and very reliable. It also makes a great small gun to train ladies, children, and others who have minimal experience with handguns. For $300 out the door, not much can beat it.

Until next time, Remember to Practice, Practice, Practice. Just having a gun isn't enough. If SHTF, and you are struggling to unholster and utilize your weapon, you could find yourself not regretting your lack of training very long. Protect yourself! God Bless our America!

I Need Some 9's: Okay, Sir, What Kind?

I have heard of this question and, sometimes, smart ass answer combination. It seems like some dealers like making people look stupid. On the other hand, it is, all the same, a valid question. In the picture above, you see 22 different types of ammunition that fall under the "9mm" category. Understandably confusing right? 99% of the time, when a buyer asks for 9mm ammunition, they are referring to #9 on the image: the 9X19 Luger or 9mm Luger. In this episode of Blued Barrel, we will discuss the history of the 9mm cartridges and how some of the more popular ones came about. Let's dive in.

If you are not familiar with ammunition and 9mm is just a number to you, then let's start there. Ammunition is measured in either imperial or metric caliber. For example: Here in the States, we measure our ammunition typically in inches. Therefore, you get ammo such as .38 .380 .50 .22 etc. The rest of the world uses the metric system which results in 7mm, 8mm, 9mm and so on. Both of these sets of numbers are measurements for the same thing: the diameter of the projectile in ammunition. When we refer to 9mm, we mean that the projectile is 9mm in width or .355 inches wide. The standard 9mm Luger was developed in Germany, thus the "mm" designation.

Most metric ammunition also has a measurement for the brass itself. For example: 9mm Luger is also known as 9x19. This means that the projectile is 9mm wide and the brass casing is 19mm long. You also have other ways of identifying ammunition. In addition to measurements, ammunition also may have an additional designation, such as: .380 ACP, 7.62 NATO and 9mm Makarov. These designations explain design features, what firearm they were designed for or what action they were meant to work with. ACP stands for Automatic Colt Pistol, NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization and is their standard ammo, Makarov is the 9mm cartridge that was designed specifically for the Russian Makarov pistol.

Now, with that all behind us, let's explore some more.

The number one 9mm cartridge (for the 23,565 time) is known as (get ready for it) 9mm, 9mm Luger, 9x19 Parabellum, 9x19, 9x19mm, 9mm NATO and 9mm Para. I'm sure I've left something out but you still should get the point.

The 9x19mm Parabellum, as it was first called by Georg Luger who designed the cartridge for the German Luger P.08. The company that Georg Luger worked for, DWM, gave the cartridge the "Parabellum" designation. Parabellum stands for "Prepare for War" which was part of the company motto: Si Vis Pacem, Parabellum. "If you wish for peace, prepare for war". Thus the 9x19mm Parabellum was born. The CIP (Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives, or Permanent International Commission for Firearms Testing) was the organization to designate the cartridge as 9mm Luger and the name has stuck since then. Currently, the 9mm Luger is the most popular and prevalent military handgun cartridge in use today, according to Cartridges of the World. The effectiveness and low cost also attribute to the popularity to this day. Most all manufacturers have firearm models that utilize the 9mm Luger cartridge.

Luger P.08 1917

Another of the well known 9mm rounds is the 9x18 Makarov. This cartridge was designed along with the Makarov PM pistol to be specifically unusable by NATO forces during the later part of WWII and the Cold War. The Makarov round used a slightly larger diameter projectile along with the shorter casing to make it incompatible. This round was developed as a replacement for the Tokarev TT-33 semi automatic pistol and it's 7.62x25mm Tokarev round.

Tokarev TT-33

There is also the .38 S&W Special, one of the most popular revolver rounds since its inception in 1898. The .38 Spl cartridge was a replacement for the .38 Short Colt and .38 Long Colt, initially a black powder round that was switched to smokeless powder within a year of its design. From 1920 all the way up to 1990, this cartridge was used as a standard in Law Enforcement sidearms. This "9mm" cartridge is actually .357 inches wide, which leads me to...

Smith and Wesson Model 27 "The original .357 Magnum"

The .357 Magnum round also became a popular cartridge. Besides being the cartridge that started the Magnum era, It was designed with the .38 Special casing but had considerably more power at 100 yards than the .38 at the muzzle. Because of the closeness of the sizes of the rounds, there were problems with the .357 being used in the .38 firearms. This was a bad thing which could cause, shall we say, "catastrophic failures". Thus the .357 was given a slightly lengthened case, which allowed the underpowered .38 to be used in the .357 firearms safely, but prevented the inverse from happening, and thus the damage. This "9mm" round is widely touted as being a very powerful "Man-Stopper".

These are some of the most popular and well known 9mm diameter rounds, but here are some more along with the firearms that they were designed for/with...

9x18mm Ultra - Walther PP Super

.380 ACP (A.K.A., .380 Auto, 9mm Browning, 9mm Corto, 9mm Kurz, 9mm Short, 9×17mm and 9 mm Browning courto) - Walther PPK

9mm Glisenti - Glisenti Model 1910

.357 SIG - Sig Sauer P229

9mm Browning Long - FN Browning 1903

9x21mm - HK VP70Z

9x21mm Gyurza - SR-1 Vector

9x23mm Largo - Bergmann Mars pistol

9x23mm Steyr - Steyr M1912

9x25mm Mauser - Mauser C96

 

9x25mm Dillon - Most pistols that fire 10mm.

 

9mm Winchester Magnum - The Wildey

.38 ACP (Not the same as the .380 Auto) - Colt Model 1900

Well that is about it for the vast variation that is the 9mm cartridge. There are more variations that exist, I don't have the time to name all of them. The previous examples were the semi-automatic pistols. There are even more when you consider the revolver and rifle cartridges out there! 

So, this post should have pressed the importance of understanding the difference between 9mm cartridges. So when you have a dealer obviously being a smart ass about what kind of 9 you need. Tell them you want a "9mm, 9x19, 9x19 Parabellum, 9mm Luger and/or 9mm NATO". And don't say "clip" when referring to a magazine, then the smart ass question may be deserved.

So, until the next time, Remember to verify that you have the proper sized ammunition for your firearm before taking it to the range. Otherwise, this could happen:

Barrett M82 that has seen better days. Catastrophic failure time.

God Bless our America!